汶川地震后主要农业环境污染事故分析与防治

农业环境污染事故威胁着农产品产量和质量。文章结合四川汶川县地震后的实际情况与多起农业环境污染事故处理经验,分析了地震后震区可能出现农业环境污染事故的类型、途径以及危害,提出了相应的预防和处理的建议与对策,为灾区应急处理以及灾后重建规划与实施等方面提供参考。     

汽车生命周期全过程存在的环境问题及解决措施

介绍了汽车全生命周期过程产生的污染物情况并提出解决问题的措施,以减少对环境造成的影响。汽车制造、运行、报废的生命周期过程中,每一个环节都涉及到环境问题,当汽车数量增加到一定程度,其制造、运行、招废后各阶段所产生的污染物可能会超出有限的环境所能承受的容量,将给人们的生活环境造成巨大困扰。     

UNITANK工艺应对高浓度废水冲击操作的可行性研究

高浓度难降解有机废水对已经适应了城市污水处理的生化处理系统造成了巨大的冲击,严重影响了生化系统的处理效果,以及正常的生产操作,同时生化系统受冲击后的恢复显得异常缓慢、延续的时间也较长.针对生产的操作,论述了应对措施和生产操作的调整,保持稳定的污泥浓度和活性,避免系统中生物毒素的积累;日常规范运营管理,稳定微生物的生长环境和生物种群结构,积极应对,保证系统处理运营效果、COD减排量、以及系统的稳定运营.     

高职院校英语教学中的差生分析与转变

就高职院校英语科差生所存在的问题和原因进行了剖析,既有个人内在因素又有教学中的外在因素,对于如何深挖学生潜力,作好学生思想工作,培养学生学习英语兴趣提出了一些具体的解决办法.     

WATERSHED BASED,INSTITUTIONAL APPROACH TO DEVELOPING CLEAN WATER RESOURCES1

ABSTRACT: Access to clean and sufficient amounts of water is a critical problem in many countries. A watershed approach is vital in understanding pollution pathways affecting water resources and in developing participatory solutions. Such integration of information with participatory approaches can lead to more sustainable solutions than traditional “crisis‐to‐crisis” management approaches. This study aims at applying a watershed based joint action approach to manage water resources. Since most watersheds have urban and rural sources of pollution and a wide disparity in access to and use of water, alternative solutions need to take an integrated approach through cooperative actions. An institutional model was applied to seven subwatersheds in Honduras to evaluate various sources and effects of water contamination and water shortages. Two specific pathways of water resources degradation were studied (contamination from coffee pulp manufacturing and urban nonpoint sources) to develop alternative solutions that mitigate downstream impacts of access to clean water. A locally driven joint mechanism to reuse coffee pulp in farming systems is proposed. Such an institutional solution can maximize benefits to both farms and the coffee pulp industry. A combination of education and investment in sanitary facilities in urbanizing areas is proposed to minimize urban sources of water contamination.     

职业危害现状与对策分析

本文陈述了我国职业危害作业场所多、涉及面广、职业病患者多的现状，阐述了职业病防治技术和能力落后、有毒有害工种和工序转移、预防性工作审核不严等产生职业危害的原因；论述了职业病危害由城市向农村、由东部向西部、由大企业向小企业的转移倾向和职业病发病年龄呈现年轻化及新兴职业相关疾病发生的特点，提出相应的预防和控制职业危害的对策。     

制药行业清洁生产案例分析

目前,我国制药业存在着"高污染、高能耗"的特点,严重制约着这个行业的持续发展,清洁生产具有末端治理无可替代的作用。以某制药厂为例,对制药行业实施清洁生产分析与评价方面进行了探讨,提出了我国制药行业清洁生产实施中存在的问题及对策。     

北京市社区生活垃圾分类收集实效调查及其长效管理机制研究

对北京市600个分类示范试点社区进行垃圾分类收集现状调查,并基于调查数据分析得出,目前试点社区分类正确率和投放正确率均不高,知晓率是影响分类正确率和投放正确率的重要因素,知晓率根据知晓深度分成两个等级,分别为75.6%和15.5%,而社区大多数居民约60.1%垃圾分类知晓程度保持在一个初级水平,24.4%居民不知道垃圾分类,分类正确率和投放正确率较低,分别为4.5%和31.2%,宣传、教育的力度和深度不够,也未形成有效监管机制.居民对社区垃圾分类建议得出,认为应该加强分类知识宣传的居民最多,占36.84%;其次认为加强垃圾分类正确投放监督的比例也达到35.39%.总体认为软实力建设应提高的居民占90%以上.因此,提出持续采用多种媒介提高垃圾分类宣传力度和深度,并结合多种培养方式引导居民参与操作实践.此外,构建软硬结合的垃圾分类评价指标体系,建立完善操作强的监管机制,长期持续对居民进行督促,并将垃圾分类作为社区管理工作中的一项重要考核指标,整体提高行政管理水平.     

一类拟线性抛物型偏微分方程的解

建立了一类拟线性抛物性方程初边值问题的比较原理,从而利用单调方法证明了具有齐次Dirichlet边值条件的拟线性抛物型偏微分方程解的存在唯一性;同时也运用第一特征函数构造上、下解的方法讨论具体的拟线性抛物型方程解的爆破现象．参9．     

Introducing a common taxonomy to support learning from failure in conservation

Although some sectors have made significant progress in learning from failure, there is currently limited consensus on how a similar transition could best be achieved in conservation and what is required to facilitate this. One of the key enabling conditions for other sectors is a widely accepted and standardized classification system for identifying and analyzing root causes of failure. We devised a comprehensive taxonomy of root causes of failure affecting conservation projects. To develop this, we solicited examples of real-life conservation efforts that were deemed to have failed in some way, identified their underlying root causes of failure, and used these to develop a generic, 3-tier taxonomy of the ways in which projects fail, at the top of which are 6 overarching cause categories that are further divided into midlevel cause categories and specific root causes. We tested the taxonomy by asking conservation practitioners to use it to classify the causes of failure for conservation efforts they had been involved in. No significant gaps or redundancies were identified during this testing phase. We then analyzed the frequency that particular root causes were encountered by projects within this test sample, which suggested that some root causes were more likely to be encountered than others and that a small number of root causes were more likely to be encountered by projects implementing particular types of conservation action. Our taxonomy could be used to improve identification, analysis, and subsequent learning from failed conservation efforts, address some of the barriers that currently limit the ability of conservation practitioners to learn from failure, and contribute to establishing an effective culture of learning from failure within conservation.